Tugas 3 Softskill

Article of Global Warming

Throughout its long history, Earth has warmed and cooled time and again. Climate has changed when the planet received more or less sunlight due to subtle shifts in its orbit, as the atmosphere or surface changed, or when the Sun’s energy varied. But in the past century, another force has started to influence Earth’s climate: humanity

How does this warming compare to previous changes in Earth’s climate? How can we be certain that human-released greenhouse gases are causing the warming? How much more will the Earth warm? How will Earth respond? Answering these questions is perhaps the most significant scientific challenge of our time.

What is Global Warming?

Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels. The global average surface temperature rose 0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius (1.1 to 1.6° F) between 1906 and 2005, and the rate of temperature increase has nearly doubled in the last 50 years. Temperatures are certain to go up further.

Despite ups and downs from year to year, global average surface temperature is rising. By the beginning of the 21st century, Earth’s temperature was roughly 0.5 degrees Celsius above the long-term (1951–1980) average. (NASA figure adapted from Goddard Institute for Space Studies Surface Temperature Analysis.)

Earth’s natural greenhouse effect

Earth’s temperature begins with the Sun. Roughly 30 percent of incoming sunlight is reflected back into space by bright surfaces like clouds and ice. Of the remaining 70 percent, most is absorbed by the land and ocean, and the rest is absorbed by the atmosphere. The absorbed solar energy heats our planet.

As the rocks, the air, and the seas warm, they radiate “heat” energy (thermal infrared radiation). From the surface, this energy travels into the atmosphere where much of it is absorbed by water vapor and long-lived greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane.

When they absorb the energy radiating from Earth’s surface, microscopic water or greenhouse gas molecules turn into tiny heaters— like the bricks in a fireplace, they radiate heat even after the fire goes out. They radiate in all directions. The energy that radiates back toward Earth heats both the lower atmosphere and the surface, enhancing the heating they get from direct sunlight.

This absorption and radiation of heat by the atmosphere—the natural greenhouse effect—is beneficial for life on Earth. If there were no greenhouse effect, the Earth’s average surface temperature would be a very chilly -18°C (0°F) instead of the comfortable 15°C (59°F) that it is today.

The enhanced greenhouse effect

What has scientists concerned now is that over the past 250 years, humans have been artificially raising the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at an ever-increasing rate, mostly by burning fossil fuels, but also from cutting down carbon-absorbing forests. Since the Industrial Revolution began in about 1750, carbon dioxide levels have increased nearly 38 percent as of 2009 and methane levels have increased 148 percent.

Source : http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/GlobalWarming/page2.php

Discussion of Sentence          :

1.       How will Earth respond?

This sentence include to simple future tense, especially in interrogative sentence.

Simple Future tense : S + Will + V1 ± O

Interrogative sentence : Question Words   +  Auxiliary  +  Subject   +       V1        ± O 

                                             How           +     Will        +    Earth    +    respond ?

2.       Earth’s temperature begins with the Sun.

This sentence include to simple present tense.

Simple present expresses daily habits or usual activities. The simple present also expresses general statements of fact. This sentence include to general statement of fact.

Simple present tense :                  S                              +              V1                          ±             O

                                                Earth’s temperature       +             begins                   +    with the sun

3.       Humans have been artificially raising the concentration of greenhouse gases

This sentence include to Present Perfect Progressive.

Present Perfect Progressive       : Subject (I,You,We,They) / (He,She,It)                   +   Have/Has   +                  Been                +             V-Ing     ±            O

                                                Humans             +             Have      +          Been     + artificially raising                   + the  concentration of greenhouse gases.

How to Write Complex Sentence

More and more candidates for better paying jobs are now required to submit writing samples as part of the interview process. Many applicants with strong verbal skills fail to make the second round of interviews because of their poor writing samples. Frequently, the problems are not unity or coherence, or even inadequate vocabulary/word choice. All too often, poor writers are categorized as such because they only write in simple or compound sentences. A few tips on how to improve writing, using complex sentences will get you through to that second round of interviews.

A Few Definitions and Examples

A simple sentence has a noun (person, place, thing, or idea), a verb (mental or physical action or “to-be” verb—is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been), and the rest of the sentence (known as the complement).

Example: John ran down the street.

A compound sentence combines two simple sentences with a conjunction (a connecting word such as and, but, or so).

Example: John ran down the street, and he saw the crime take place.

A complex sentence has an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. An independent clause means that there is a noun and a verb that express a complete thought. A dependent (subordinate) clause means that there is a noun and a verb that do not express a complete thought.
Example:
Ty completed all his chores (independent clause) + after eating his lunch (dependent clause) = Ty completed all his chores after eating his lunch.

How to Form Complex Sentences

Complex sentences can help define the relationship between complicated ideas and will make your writing more specific and interesting to read. Learn how to improve writing by adding dependent clauses to the beginning, middle, or end of your simple or compound sentences. Oh, by the way, if starting a sentence with a dependent clause, always follow the clause with a comma.

Dependent Clauses   

To improve writing, add adjective clauses, which describe nouns or pronouns. Transitions beginning adjective clauses include who, whose, on (for, of) whom to refer to people, that to refer to people or things, and which to refer only to things.

Example: whose work is well-known

To improve writing, add adverbial clauses, which describe describe an adjective, an adverb, or verb. Transitions beginning adverb clauses include after, although, as, as if, as long as, as much as, as soon as, as though, because, before, even if, how, if, in order that, once, since, so that, than, though, unless, until, when, whenever, where, wherever, whether, and while.

Example: as long as she can wait

To improve writing, add noun clauses, which describe are used as a subject, a complement (the rest of the sentence besides the subject and predicate), or as the object of a preposition. Transitions beginning noun clauses include that, what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, and whomever.
Example: whatever he demands

Source : http://www.edarticle.com/article.php?id=656

Active and Passive

http://www.slideshare.net/putriealwayz/active-and-passive-27142762?utm_source=ss&utm_medium=upload&utm_campaign=quick-view

"Bakso Luwes" jembatan 4 Rawalumbu, Bekasi Timur

“Bakso Luwes” jembatan 4 Rawalumbu

Bakso adalah makanan asli Indonesia, makanan yang berbentuk bulat ini banyak di gemari oleh masyarakat, bahkan bukan hanya masyarakat asli Indonesia tetapi warga Negara asing yg tinggal di Indonesia juga sangat menyukai bakso. Bakso biasa terbuat dari daging sapi yang sudah di haluskan lalu di bentuk bulat, dan di rebus. Bakso  biasa di sajikan dengan mie kuning dan bihun. Selain rasanya yang enak, harganya pun juga sangat terjangkau. Bakso bisa anda nikmati di mana saja, mulai dari pedagang kaki lima di pinggir jalan, sampai hotel  bintang 5 yang banyak menyajikan bakso sebagai menu khas Indonesia.

Saya sendiri sangat menyukai bakso, hampir setiap minggunya saya menyantap bakso di tempat favorit saya. Bakso yang menurut saya paling enak ini menyajikan dua menu andalannya, yaitu bakso urat dan bakso telur. Saya lebih menyukai bakso urat, karena rasa daging nya lebih kental. Tempat favorit saya ini bernama “bakso luwes” yang berada di jembatan 4 rawalumbu bekasi timur, tepatnya di depan sekolah widya nusantara. Harganya pun terjangkau yaitu hanya 9000/porsi. Tempat ini selalu ramai didatangi oleh pengunjung, bakso luwes biasa buka di siang hari sampai malam hari, bila anda ingin mencicipinya datanglah jangan terlalu malam, karena biasanya jam 8 malam bakso ini sudah habis terjual.

Nusa kambangan island of central java

  Nusa kambangan Island

 

Nusa kambangan is named an island in central java. This island included to administrative territorial district cilacap. Nusa kambangan famous with high quality prison in indonesia. But not many people know that nusa kambangan has beautiful scenary.

When i went vacation to nusa kambangan island with my friends, firstly i used boat to nusa kambangan, because nusa kambangan island is in the middle of the sea. I  rent a boat from cilacap, it took about 45 minutes to get on purpose. When we arrived, we looked beautiful views like white sands, blue sea, and corals that thrives. After i get off the boat, we rent a guide to accompany our journey and he told the histories about nusa kambangan island. We were very lucky because the guide is very friendly, we asked to around the redoubt relic of indonesia , previously this redoubt used to protection against attack by the dutch and the guide told us about the history of the redoubt. besides, we asked to enter into a cave relic of indonesia and we also around nusa kambangan forest, in there still a lot of wild animals.

 It was afternoon, we have to back home and we rent a boat to back cilacap. I am very happy can vacation to nusa kambangan island.  If you want to holiday, you have to try to go nusa kambangan island.